Nissan Xterra Gear Shift Moves but Car Stays in Park
Pre-engaged starter
![](https://www.howacarworks.com/illustration/74/pre-engaged-starter.png)
To brand an engine start it must be turned at some speed, so that it sucks fuel and air into the cylinders , and compresses it.
The powerful electric starter motor does the turning. Its shaft carries a small pinion ( gear bike) which engages with a big gear ring around the rim of the engine flywheel .
In a front-engine layout, the starter is mounted low down near the dorsum of the engine.
The starter needs a heavy electric current , which it draws through thick wires from the battery . No ordinary hand-operated switch could switch it on: it needs a large switch to handle the high current.
The switch has to exist turned on and off very rapidly to avoid unsafe, dissentious sparking. So a solenoid is used - an arrangement where a small switch turns on an electromagnet to consummate the circuit .
The starter excursion
![](https://www.howacarworks.com/illustration/72/the-starter-circuit.png)
The starter switch is usually worked by the ignition key. Plow the cardinal beyond the 'ignition on' position to feed current to the solenoid.
The ignition switch has a render spring , and so that every bit shortly as you release the key information technology springs dorsum and turns the starter switch off.
When the switch feeds current to the solenoid, the electromagnet attracts an iron rod.
The movement of the rod closes two heavy contacts, completing the circuit from the battery to the starter.
The rod also has a render leap -when the ignition switch stops feeding electric current to the solenoid, the contacts open up and the starter motor stops.
The return springs are needed because the starter motor must non turn more than it has to in social club to start the engine. The reason is partly that the starter uses a lot of electricity, which quickly runs down the bombardment.
Also, if the engine starts and the starter motor stays engaged, the engine will spin the starter and so fast that it may be desperately damaged.
The starter motor itself has a device, called a Bendix gear, which engages its pinion with the gear ring on the flywheel only while the starter is turning the engine. It disengages as soon every bit the engine picks up speed, and there are two ways by which it does so - the inertia system and the pre-engaged system.
The inertia starter relies on the inertia of the pinion - that is, its reluctance to begin to plow.
Inertia system
![](https://www.howacarworks.com/illustration/71/inertia-system.png)
The pinion is not fixed rigidly to the motor shaft - it is threaded on to information technology, like a freely turning nut on a very coarse-thread bolt.
Imagine that you lot of a sudden spin the commodities: the inertia of the nut keeps information technology from turning at once, and so it shifts along the thread of the bolt.
When an inertia starter spins, the pinion moves along the thread of the motor shaft and engages with the flywheel gear band.
It so reaches a stop at the cease of the thread, begins to plow with the shaft and so turns the engine.
![](https://www.howacarworks.com/illustration/73/how-the-starting-system-works.png)
One time the engine starts, it spins the pinion faster than its own starter-motor shaft. The spinning action screws the pinion back down its thread and out of engagement.
The pinion returns so violently that at that place has to exist a strong spring on the shaft to absorber its impact.
The violent date and detachment of an inertia starter tin can cause heavy wearable on the gear teeth. To overcome that trouble the pre-engaged starter was introduced, which has a solenoid mounted on the motor.
There's more to a car starter system: Too equally switching on the motor, the solenoid also slides the pinion along the shaft to engage it.
The shaft has directly splines rather than a Bendix thread, so that the pinion always turns with it.
The pinion is brought into contact with the toothed ring on the flywheel by a sliding fork. The fork is moved by a solenoid, which has ii sets of contacts that shut 1 afterward the other.
The first contact supplies a low current to the motor and so that it turns slowly - just far enough to let the pinion teeth appoint. Then the 2d contacts shut, feeding the motor a high current to plow the engine.
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Nissan Xterra Gear Shift Moves but Car Stays in Park UPDATED
Posted by: apriladven1968.blogspot.com
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